e-Commerce Glossary · 305 terms
Welcome to the Faprika E-Commerce Glossary. On this page you can find explanations of all the terms and concepts you are curious about in the world of e-commerce. We explain each term in clear language so that it is easy to understand. Scroll down to get started, or type the term you are looking for in the search box.
A business model in which customers are offered a specific product or service periodically (monthly, yearly, etc.) for a fee. This model is common in areas such as digital services, magazines and subscription box services. The subscription model provides businesses with a continuous revenue stream and gives customers continuous access.
Subscription-based e-commerce is an e-commerce model in which customers pay for a product or service at regular intervals. It is usually billed monthly or yearly.
A/B testing is an experimental method used to compare the performance of two different versions. Especially in digital marketing and web design, it is used to determine which version performs better by randomly showing users version A or B. These tests are highly effective for increasing website conversion rates.
Affiliate Marketing: A method of promoting online sales. In this model, people who promote products or services (affiliates) receive a commission for each sale or specific action. Typically, bloggers, influencers and other digital content creators encourage their visitors or followers to buy a particular product. If a sale results from this encouragement, the affiliate is paid the agreed commission. While this model minimizes risk for brands, it gives affiliates an opportunity to earn income.
Depreciation refers to the loss of value of an asset and is usually calculated at a fixed rate over a period. Depreciation helps companies spread the cost of their long-term assets across periods.
Keyword density shows how often a particular keyword or phrase is used in a web page's content. It determines how relevant the content is to its topic and how suitable it is for search engines. The ideal density keeps the content natural while ensuring enough keyword use for SEO.
A technology that combines real-world images with digital information. It presents users with a view in which virtual objects or information are added on top of the real world. It can be experienced especially through mobile devices. In e-commerce, it is often used to show customers how products will look in the real world.
ASIN stands for Amazon Standard Identification Number and refers to a unique 10-character code for every product on Amazon. This code makes it easy to identify, search for and classify products on Amazon. E-commerce infrastructure providers use identifiers such as ASIN to help manage products effectively on Amazon.
Describes commercial transactions between two businesses. It is generally used when one business provides services or products to another. B2B differs from sales aimed at consumers (B2C). For example, a car manufacturer buying tires from a tire supplier is a B2B transaction, whereas an individual buying shoes from a store is a B2C transaction. B2B transactions are generally larger in volume and more complex.
Refers to commercial transactions in which individuals sell products or services directly to other individuals. In this model, individuals sell items they do not use, or second-hand items, to other individuals. For example, a person selling an item they no longer use on an online platform is considered a C2C transaction. Second-hand sales platforms and online auction sites are typical examples of this model.
A backlink is a link from another website to your website. Search engines regard backlinks as an important factor when evaluating a website's credibility and authority. Quality and relevant backlinks can improve your site's search engine ranking.
A visual advertising unit prepared in various sizes, generally used for advertising purposes on websites. When users click it, it redirects them to another web page or to the details of the ad. E-commerce sites frequently use banners to announce campaigns or special discounts.
A barcode system is an automatic identification method used to quickly identify and track products. Barcodes consist of vertical lines of various thicknesses and are quickly converted into information when scanned by a barcode reader. They are generally used in areas such as retail, inventory management and pricing.
A balance sheet is a financial report that shows a company's financial position on a specific date. It consists of three main sections: assets, liabilities and equity. Assets show what the company owns, liabilities show its debts, and equity shows the company's net worth.
A website or a section of a website on the internet that individuals, companies or organizations update regularly, usually sharing posts, images or videos in chronological order. Blogs have a wide range of uses, from sharing information to marketing strategies.
Gross profit is the revenue left over after the cost of goods or services is subtracted from a company's total sales revenue. It shows how much capital the company has to cover its operating and other expenses.
Refers to commercial transactions in which individuals sell products or services directly to other individuals. In this model, individuals sell items they do not use, or second-hand items, to other individuals. For example, a person selling an item they no longer use on an online platform is considered a C2C transaction. Second-hand sales platforms and online auction sites are typical examples of this model.
Cache is a temporary storage area that systems such as computers and web browsers use to access frequently used data faster. Cached data is used to deliver a faster response on the next request, which helps improve overall performance and user experience.
Live chat support is a customer service feature offered on websites to help visitors in real time. With it, visitors can communicate directly with a customer representative by messaging. Live chat is an effective tool for giving visitors instant help, answering their questions and solving problems they encounter during the purchase process.
Captcha is a type of automated test used to tell humans apart from computer programs. Users are usually asked to enter characters shown in an image or complete a specific task, which confirms that a real person is performing the action.
A current account (trade account) is a type of account that records the commercial transactions between two parties. It includes receivables, payables, payments made and collections received. It is generally used between parties that have an ongoing trading relationship.
CDN (Content Delivery Network): A CDN is a system with a network of servers distributed across different locations worldwide to deliver content faster based on users' geographic location. It shortens website load times, reduces server load and improves user experience.
CPC (Cost Per Click) means cost per click in digital advertising. It refers to the average amount an advertiser pays when their ads are clicked. It is a payment model commonly used in search engine advertising and on some social media platforms.
An approach and technology used to manage customer relationships. CRM systems store a business's customer information, sales history, contact details and customer interactions in a central database. Sales, marketing and customer service teams use this information to deliver more effective and personalized service.
Cross-selling is a method of increasing sales by recommending related or complementary products or services to a customer who buys a particular product or service. For example, if a customer buys a mobile phone, the seller can cross-sell by also recommending headphones or a phone case from the same brand.
The online purchase and sale of products and services between different countries, along with the strategies and challenges involved in managing this process.
Commercial messages shown to users on internet platforms (websites, social media, search engines, etc.). Online advertising can take many different formats, from banner ads to video ads, from pay-per-click ads to content-based ads. These ads aim to reach specific target audiences and to increase brand awareness, sales or website traffic.
A database is an electronic system in which related information is stored in an organized way and can be queried, updated and managed. Databases are optimized for quickly querying, analyzing and reporting information. On e-commerce sites, data such as product information, customer information and order history are stored in databases.
A term used in computer science and information technology. It refers to raw, unprocessed information, which can turn into meaningful information once it is analyzed and processed. Data can come in various formats: text, numbers, images or sound. In e-commerce, data collected in many areas, such as customer behavior and sales statistics, plays a critical role in businesses' strategic decisions.
A unit of measurement used in the shipping and transportation industry. It is calculated from the dimensions of the item to be shipped and indicates the volumetric weight of the shipment. The desi value is obtained by multiplying a product's width, length and height and dividing the result by a certain number.
A digital wallet is an electronic device or service that lets users securely store financial information such as credit card details, digital currencies or other payment information, and access it when paying for online purchases or in physical stores.
A system designed to digitally store credit card, debit card and other payment information on electronic devices (especially smartphones) and use it in payment transactions. Digital wallets make it possible to pay or transfer money quickly and securely. Services such as Apple Pay, Google Wallet and Samsung Pay fall into this category.
The process by which businesses change and improve their business processes, culture and customer experiences using modern digital technologies. This transformation helps businesses become more effective and efficient, gain a competitive advantage and respond better to customer needs.
A modern marketing method used to promote and market products and services through electronic devices or the internet. Digital marketing includes a range of channels and platforms, such as search engine optimization (SEO), email marketing, social media marketing, content marketing and online advertising. This approach has the advantage of reaching the target audience directly and achieving measurable results.
A digital certificate is an electronic document used to verify the identity of a person, organization or device. It is generally used for authentication and encryption on secure websites, email and other online services. These certificates are issued by a certificate authority, a trusted third party, and are verified using digital signature technology.
Vertical e-commerce is an e-commerce model that focuses on a specific sector or niche. In this type, businesses usually specialize in one or a few product categories.
A document is the name given to material that contains information in written, printed or digital form and can be stored. This information can be text, graphics, images, audio or video. Documents are materials that people create to share, archive and refer to information. They come in different formats and types, for example books, articles, letters, reports, emails, presentations and many other forms.
A domain, or domain name, is the address of a website on the internet. It forms part of the URL that users type into their web browser and is used to access websites. For example, "www.faprika.com" is a domain name.
Conversion optimization refers to the improvements made to increase the likelihood that visitors to a website or mobile app will take a specific action. This action can be buying a product, filling out a form, subscribing to an e-newsletter or any other targeted action. Conversion optimization aims to identify changes that encourage users to take the desired action by analyzing the user experience and running tests (e.g. A/B testing).
In digital marketing and e-commerce, the percentage obtained by dividing the number of users who reach a specific goal by the total number of visitors. For example, if 5 out of 100 visitors to a website buy a product, the conversion rate is 5%. This rate is used to evaluate the effectiveness of campaigns or websites, and higher conversion rates generally mean more successful marketing strategies.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a protocol used to transfer files between computers. It is based on the TCP/IP protocol for uploading and downloading files over the internet. It allows users to connect to a server with an FTP client and transfer files. Because of security concerns, more secure alternatives such as SFTP and FTPS are also used.
A sales model used in e-commerce. In this model, the seller does not physically keep products in stock. When a customer buys a product, the seller passes the order to the supplier, and the supplier ships the product directly to the customer. This way, the seller bears no cost or risk related to inventory management and logistics. Dropshipping is a popular method for entrepreneurs who want to start with little capital, but it also comes with challenges such as high competition and low margins.
E-archive is a system in which physical documents are stored and managed in a digital environment. With e-archive, documents can be easily accessed, searched and stored securely for a long time.
E-Auction is an auction process carried out in an electronic environment. Buyers and sellers compete online by placing bids for a specific product or service. Besides traditional physical auctions, E-Auction offers the advantage of reaching a wide range of participants without time and location limits.
E-Declaration is a tax return prepared and submitted electronically to fulfill tax obligations. E-declaration makes tax procedures easier and minimizes errors.
E-Payroll is a payroll document created in electronic format that contains employees' salary and other compensation information. E-payroll can be easily accessed by employees and prevents paper waste for employers.
E-Ledger is an electronic system that allows businesses to keep their accounting records in a digital environment. This system helps manage accounting records in an orderly, secure and easy way.
E-Audit is the examination of financial and business processes in an electronic environment. With e-audit, data can be collected and analyzed quickly, which increases the transparency and reliability of transactions.
E-Transformation means moving business processes and document management to a digital environment. This transformation brings advantages such as faster transactions, lower costs and increased data security.
E-Inventory means a business keeping its stock and asset records in an electronic environment. With e-inventory, stock levels, transfers and depletions can be easily tracked.
e-Invoice is the creation and delivery of traditional paper invoices in a digital format. e-Invoice offers many advantages for both sender and recipient; for example, it prevents paper waste, speeds up transactions and reduces costs.
The E-Income Statement is a table that shows a business's financial information such as income, expenses, profit and loss in an electronic environment. The e-income statement is very useful for financial analysis and reporting.
The E-Expense voucher is an electronic document that records the expenditures a business has made. This document is an important source for accounting and tax procedures and replaces the paper expense voucher.
e-Export is the process by which companies sell their products and services to different countries over the internet. Unlike traditional exporting, this process is carried out through digital platforms and payment systems rather than through physical borders and customs procedures.
The tax obligations and regulations that apply when products and services are sold online to other countries.
E-signature is an electronic signature created in a digital environment and used to verify a person's identity or approve an electronic document. E-signature is the digital equivalent of a traditional handwritten signature and is also legally valid. E-signature technology uses cryptographic methods to ensure security and authenticity.
E-Waybill is the electronic version of the waybill document containing the details of transported goods. E-waybill eliminates the need for paper documents and speeds up logistics processes.
E-Cash Register allows businesses to record payments made in cash or by credit card in an electronic environment. This enables sales data to be tracked and reported more effectively.
E-VAT is a system in which Value Added Tax (VAT) is calculated and paid electronically. With this system, tax payments are made faster and without errors.
An electronic invoice is a document in which a traditional paper invoice is represented in a digital format and is transmitted and stored electronically. Electronic invoices reduce paper, printing and postage costs for both sender and recipient, while increasing the speed and efficiency of transactions. They are also beneficial for sustainability by reducing environmental impact. The use of electronic invoices has become a legal requirement in many countries.
Electronic payment is a payment method in which money is transferred electronically. It includes many methods such as credit cards, bank transfers and mobile payments. It is widely used for online shopping, bill payments and payments for services. With the growth of e-commerce, electronic payments have also become increasingly common.
E-accounting is the management of accounting transactions and records in an electronic environment. It makes accounting processes faster, more efficient and more reliable.
It is the process of combining two or more independent systems so that they can work together. In e-commerce, integration is the process of bringing different software and applications together so that they can share data with each other. This helps automate business processes and increase efficiency.
Integration is the process of enabling two or more systems or applications to work together. This combination ensures seamless communication between systems in terms of data exchange and functionality. Thanks to integration, different platforms and technologies can come together to offer more comprehensive and effective solutions. For example, integrating an e-commerce site with a payment gateway allows users to make online payments.
An e-Payment Record is a document that records the details of payments made by a business or an individual in an electronic environment. This record usually includes information such as the amount paid, the payment date and the recipient.
E-retail (E-retailing) is the process of selling products or services over the internet. As an alternative to traditional retail methods, this model offers consumers several advantages: a wider choice of products, ease of shopping and often more affordable prices. E-retail is used by individual sellers, brands and large retail chains.
An Email Client (Mail Client) is software that lets you receive, read, compose and send your emails. These applications communicate with the user's email service provider to manage incoming and outgoing emails. Examples include programs such as Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird and Apple Mail. Email clients can be found as desktop applications on computers or as apps on mobile devices.
It is the practice of sending commercial messages to potential or existing customers by electronic mail. It is generally used to promote a product or service, increase brand awareness, offer special deals or encourage customer loyalty. Email marketing is one of the most effective methods of digital marketing thanks to its ability to reach the target audience directly. The success of campaigns can be measured with metrics such as open rates and click rates.
The e-Professional Receipt is the digital documentation by self-employed professionals of the fees they receive in return for the services they provide. This simplifies accounting and tax procedures.
E-collection is the execution of payment transactions in an electronic environment. In this way, payment transactions can be completed more securely, quickly and efficiently.
ETBİS (Electronic Commerce Information System): a registration and information system established in Türkiye for e-commerce platforms, sites and related service providers. E-commerce sites are registered in this system and supervised through it. ETBİS was created by the Ministry of Trade in Türkiye to ensure that e-commerce is conducted in a more transparent and secure manner.
E-notification is the sending and receiving of official documents or notices in an electronic environment. This method speeds up notification procedures and prevents paper waste.
E-commerce analytics is a process that helps evaluate performance by measuring many different metrics such as traffic, sales, customer behavior and conversion rates of online sales sites. Thanks to analytics tools, e-commerce businesses can better understand user behavior, optimize their marketing strategies and find opportunities to increase overall sales performance.
It is the analysis process that examines and measures user behavior, sales, site visits and other important metrics on e-commerce sites. Thanks to these analyses, businesses can optimize website performance, customer interactions and conversion rates.
The processes related to keeping financial records of online sales transactions, taxing them and reporting on them.
E-commerce refers to buying and selling products or services in an electronic environment. These commercial activities carried out over the internet can take place through online stores, auctions or electronic payment systems. E-commerce makes shopping faster, easier and often more economical, and it also offers the possibility of buying or selling products from anywhere in the world without going to a physical store.
An e-commerce platform is a digital infrastructure that allows businesses and individuals to offer their products and services for sale online. These platforms make it easier for sellers to list their products, manage payment transactions and track orders.
The improvements and strategies carried out on e-commerce sites to increase the rate at which visitors turn into customers.
The management of the processes of storing, packaging and delivering products to customers after online sales.
VAT in e-commerce refers to the Value Added Tax applied to sales made through e-commerce platforms. Countries apply their own VAT rates to e-commerce sales, and these rates may be the same as or different from the VAT rates applied to sales in physical stores. E-commerce platforms are obliged to pay the VAT at the determined rate on the revenue obtained from their sales to the relevant tax office.
The strategic efforts and practices carried out to improve the experiences of customers who shop online.
Customer reviews in e-commerce are feedback in which users who have bought products or services on online shopping sites share their experiences, opinions and suggestions. These reviews help other potential customers get more detailed information about the product and make their purchasing decisions more consciously. They also give e-commerce sites an opportunity to measure customer satisfaction and improve service quality.
The e-Ledger is a ledger in which businesses store their commercial transactions, accounting records and financial information in an electronic environment. This increases the speed and efficiency of transactions.
The e-Tax Certificate is an official document that shows, in a digital environment, a business's information about its tax obligations and payments. It is usually updated annually and approved with an electronic signature.
Facebook Login is a feature that allows users to sign in to other websites and applications with their Facebook credentials. This offers users a faster and easier sign-in experience by sparing them the trouble of creating separate accounts and remembering passwords on different platforms. It can also give application and website owners access to users' basic information, but this access depends on the user's permission.
Facebook Pixel is a piece of JavaScript code placed on websites that tracks user interactions on the site. Thanks to this pixel, advertisers can measure the effectiveness of their Facebook ad campaigns, better understand their target audiences and build more effective advertising strategies.
Facebook Store is a feature through which businesses can display and sell their products on Facebook. Users can browse, like and buy the products offered in a specific tab on the business's Facebook page. This allows brands and businesses to offer a more interactive shopping experience to their social media followers.
An invoice is an official document issued by the seller to the buyer, containing the details of the sale of a good or service. The invoice includes information such as the product description, quantity, price and total cost.
A favicon is a small icon specific to a website, displayed in the tab and address bar of a web browser, in bookmarks, or as an app icon on mobile screens. It usually contains a logo or initial that represents the site. A favicon allows site visitors to recognize the website quickly.
A Filter Block is a tool on online shopping sites that lets users classify and filter products by specific criteria. With the help of this block, users can narrow down products by attributes such as brand, price range, color and size, and reach the product they are looking for faster.
A price comparison site is a web platform that brings together product prices from different retailers and online sellers, giving users the chance to find the most suitable price. Users can use such sites to see the best available price and the purchase options for a specific product. These sites also usually provide product reviews, seller ratings and other information to help consumers in the decision-making process.
They are the approaches that determine how a business will price its products or services in the market. Pricing strategies include various methods such as cost-based, value-based, competition-based and psychological pricing. The right pricing strategy can help a business maximize its revenue, gain a competitive position in the market and best meet consumers' needs.
F-commerce is the name given to commercial activities carried out through Facebook. It is an e-commerce model in which companies or individuals promote and offer their products for sale through their Facebook pages, stores or groups. This model aims to reach large audiences by taking advantage of the power of social media.
Fulfillment is the process of fulfilling an e-commerce order, made up of the steps of storage, picking, packaging and handover to the carrier. A business can carry out this process in its own warehouse, or it can send its products to the warehouse of a fulfillment service provider and leave storage, packaging and shipping to it as well. Outsourced fulfillment is preferred especially by businesses whose order volume fluctuates or that do not want to set up their own warehouse.
It is a feature offered to visitors on an e-commerce site for a product that is out of stock. Thanks to this feature, customers are automatically notified when the product is back in stock. The customer can follow the product's stock status by leaving their email address, and is informed by email when the product is back in stock. It is used to increase customer satisfaction and avoid missing sales opportunities.
An income statement is a report that summarizes a company's financial performance over a specific period. It typically includes items such as sales revenue, costs, gross profit, operating expenses, taxes and net profit.
It is the set of rules that defines the procedure a company or seller follows when customers return or exchange the products or services they purchased within a certain period. This policy usually applies when the product is damaged or defective, or does not meet the customer's expectations. A good return policy can increase customer satisfaction and positively affect potential sales.
Privacy is the term for the rights and expectations individuals have regarding the collection, storage, sharing and use of their personal information. It includes the right of individuals to protect and control their personal information. It also covers the right to transparency and to be informed about how and for what purpose personal information will be used.
It is a feature in web browsers that lets users browse without saving their browsing history, cookies and other information. This mode is used so that what the user does on the internet leaves no trace. It may also be called by other names in different browsers, such as "Private Browsing" or "Incognito Mode".
A system used to track how ads affect interactions and sales on a website.
Google AdSense is a Google service that lets website owners earn revenue by displaying ads on their sites. Using the AdSense code placed on their websites, site owners show ads automatically selected from Google's advertising network. The ads may relate to the content of the website or the visitor's interests. Website owners share with Google the revenue earned from clicks on or views of these ads.
The term for the special code provided by Google that is added to websites to track the performance of Google Ads campaigns.
The scoring system in Google Ads that affects the ad position and cost of a keyword.
A scoring system that shows the performance of a Google Ads account and its potential for improvement.
Keywords added to Google Ads campaigns so that the ad is not shown for unwanted search terms.
A Google Ads feature that automatically adjusts bids so that ad campaigns reach their goals.
The analyses and improvements carried out to increase the performance of Google ad campaigns.
Google Ads features used to improve performance by adding extra information (address, phone number, additional links, etc.) to ads.
The metric that shows how much is paid on average when an ad is clicked in Google Ads campaigns.
Google Ads (formerly Google AdWords) is the advertising platform that lets businesses advertise in Google search results, on YouTube, in Gmail and on sites in Google's advertising network. Advertisers define the keywords, audience and budget they want to target; payment is mostly made per click (CPC). E-commerce sites can aim for sales and conversions with search, shopping (product listing), display and remarketing campaigns. In 2018, the AdWords name was changed to Google Ads.
Google Analytics is a free web analytics service used to analyze the traffic and user engagement of websites. It collects information such as how users reach the website, how much time they spend on which pages, and which devices they use. This data gives site owners valuable insight for understanding user behavior and optimizing the website.
Google Merchant Center is a tool online stores use to show their products in Google Shopping ads and other Google services. By uploading product information to Merchant Center, sellers can promote their products to potential customers. The platform makes the shopping experience easier by showing consumers product details such as price, stock status and images.
Google My Business optimization is the process of updating and enriching a business's Google listings to achieve a better ranking in local SEO. This includes the business's address, opening hours, customer reviews and photos.
Google Remarketing is a Google Ads feature that lets you create targeted ad campaigns for users who have previously visited a website. This technique aims to increase conversion rates by showing visitors ads related to the products or services they were previously interested in. For example, if a user browsed a product on an e-commerce site without buying it, remarketing lets them see ads for that product on other websites.
Google Rich Snippets are structured data elements used to show more information in search results. They can include extra details such as star ratings, price and stock status. By giving users more information on the search results page, Rich Snippets can help increase click-through rates. For website owners, this means more organic traffic.
A free service offered by Google that shows which keywords and topics users search for over time, ranked by search volume.
It helps identify market trends, shape content strategies, improve search engine optimization and marketing efforts, get ideas for new products and adjust social media campaigns.
Google Search Console (formerly Google Webmaster Tools) is a free Google service that lets site owners monitor how their websites perform in Google Search. You can track here which searches the site appears for, click and impression counts, pages that are and are not indexed, sitemap submission, and mobile usability and page experience reports. On e-commerce sites, it is used to measure the search visibility of product and category pages and to spot SEO problems early. In 2015, the Webmaster Tools name was changed to Search Console.
An impression refers to each instance in which an ad, a piece of content or another element is seen by a user. It is used in digital marketing and advertising in particular to measure how often an ad is displayed on screen. Impressions are used together with clicks, conversions and other metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of an ad. An ad can have many impressions, but that does not mean it will receive clicks or engagement.
A firewall is a security system that monitors and analyzes network traffic. It acts as a filter that accepts or rejects incoming and outgoing data packets according to defined security rules. By blocking harmful traffic, firewalls protect computers, networks and data centers against various cyber threats.
It is a payment process, used in online shopping or other electronic payment methods, in which the user's financial information is protected and kept out of reach of malicious third parties. Secure payment systems protect payment information, usually through encryption technologies and special security protocols, giving customers assurance that they are safe.
Havale is the process of transferring money between two different accounts within the same bank. EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer) is used to transfer money between different banks. Both transactions are carried out through the banks' electronic systems. On e-commerce sites, it is also used as a method by which customers can pay for products or services.
A target audience is the group of consumers that a product, service or message aims to reach and is most effective with. The target audience is determined by demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioral characteristics. Reaching the right target audience plays a critical role in the success of marketing and advertising campaigns.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the standard text markup language used to create and design web pages. HTML is used to organize text, add links, place images and define the structure of a web page. Web browsers interpret HTML code and present it visually to users. HTML works together with languages such as CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and JavaScript to make it possible to create dynamic and interactive web pages.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used to exchange information between a web browser and a web server. Most of the web pages we use while browsing the web reach us through this protocol. HTTP is based on a request and response mechanism; when a browser requests a web page, it sends an HTTP request, and the server sends the relevant web page back in an HTTP response.
The Internet Protocol is an addressing method that allows computers to communicate with each other. Every device has a unique IP address on the internet. This address allows devices to recognize each other and exchange data.
An issuer bank is the bank that stands behind a credit card or debit card and bears the card's financial obligations. In other words, it is the bank that gives cardholders their credit limit and approves card transactions. This bank manages the cardholder's account and sends their monthly statements. The payments made by the cardholder are received by this bank.
Downloading is the process of transferring data to a computer or mobile device over the internet. It involves saving files, applications, images or other types of data from websites to the user's device. Downloaded files are saved to the device's memory or storage so they can be accessed offline later.
The internet is a global network system that connects computers, servers, phones and other devices. This system allows users to exchange information, access websites, send and receive email, shop online and take part in many other digital activities. Using the TCP/IP protocol, the internet connects millions of private, public, academic and commercial networks around the world.
Internet advertising refers to promotional and marketing activities carried out on online platforms and media channels on the internet. Internet ads can take many different formats, such as banner ads, email advertising, search engine advertising and social media advertising. The aim of these ads is to reach potential customers, increase brand awareness, encourage sales and direct users to a specific action.
A delivery note (irsaliye) is a type of delivery document that contains the details of goods sold or transported. It generally includes the quantity, type and size of the product and other important information. This document is also used as proof of delivery of the goods.
A discount (iskonto) is a reduction from the list price of a product or service. Discounts are generally applied under special conditions such as early payment, bulk purchases or promotional events.
An ISP (Internet Service Provider) is the general name for companies that help individuals and organizations get access to the internet. These companies typically provide users with internet access through different technologies such as broadband, fiber, wireless, satellite or dial-up.
Reputation management is the set of activities for creating, protecting, maintaining and improving the image of an individual, company or other organization in the eyes of the public. It is a strategic process carried out to leave a positive impression on online and offline platforms. Especially in the digital age, online reputation management aims to protect the brand's image by responding quickly to negative criticism, comments and news.
The return rate is the ratio of returned orders or products to total sales in a given period, and it is usually expressed as a percentage. A high return rate can point to problems such as inadequate product descriptions, misleading images, an incorrect size chart, wrong product shipments or packaging-related damage. Regularly tracking the reasons for returns is important for both protecting profitability and increasing customer satisfaction.
JSON is a lightweight format used for data exchange. It is considered an alternative to XML. With its simple, readable structure, it is easy for both humans and machines to write and read. It is widely used in web applications to transfer data between server and client. It structures data using key-value pairs and integrates easily with many programming languages.
A channel is the route or intermediary through which products and services reach the consumer from the producer. In e-commerce, the term usually refers to the platforms where a brand promotes and sells its products. For example, products and services can reach end users through various channels such as physical stores, online stores, social media platforms or email marketing.
A closed computer network is a network that is generally inaccessible from the outside and serves a limited number of users within a particular organization or institution. Because such networks are more secure against external threats, they are preferred for protecting sensitive data. Systems that have no direct connection to the Internet and are open only to specific users fall into this category.
Cash on delivery is a payment method that lets customers pay for the products they ordered online when they receive them. With this method, customers can pay the courier in cash or by credit card.
A blacklist is a list created to block access for harmful or unwanted users, IP addresses or email senders. It is used for purposes such as blocking spam emails or refusing service to certain users.
A system used to track in real time where a shipped product is and which stage it has reached. Carriers give customers a tracking number, and with this number they can follow the shipment's movements on online platforms. This system tells customers when the shipment will be delivered and keeps the shipping process transparent.
The process of transporting and distributing products, goods or information from one place to another. Shipping refers to the act of transport, while logistics covers the planning, implementation and control of this process. Within the supply chain, logistics includes not only the movement of goods but also activities such as warehousing, inventory management and order processing.
The person who owns a credit or debit card and is authorized to use it. The cardholder is responsible for the transactions made with the card and for the security of the card.
The human-readable written form of a computer program, web page or application before it is run. Source code is written by programmers and developers, usually in high-level programming languages. This code is then translated into machine language and executed by computers.
VAT (Value Added Tax) is a type of consumption tax that consumers must pay when they buy goods or services. This tax is applied to the added value throughout the process from the production of the goods or services to their sale.
The process of verifying that a user is really the person they claim to be in the system. Authentication is usually done with a username and password combination, but it can also be done with other methods such as biometric data (fingerprint, face recognition, etc.) or multi-factor authentication.
A shopping experience tailored to each customer, based on the individual's preferences, past purchases or behavior. It can include many things, from product recommendations to special discounts and promotions. Personalized shopping can help increase sales by improving customer satisfaction.
An e-commerce practice in which several products are combined into a single product bundle and usually offered at a discounted price. It is used frequently, especially in the fashion and clothing sector. It makes shopping easier for the customer and gives the seller the opportunity to cross-sell.
A plastic card issued by banks or financial institutions that allows its holders to spend up to a certain limit and pay for those purchases later. Credit cards are a payment instrument accepted by many businesses worldwide, and they usually offer interest-free payment for purchases made until a certain date of the following month.
A coupon code is an alphanumeric code used to get discounts or special offers while shopping. It is usually offered by e-commerce sites for promotional or marketing purposes. Coupon codes can provide a discount on a specific product, category or the total purchase amount. By using these codes, customers can get discounts at certain percentages or fixed amounts on their purchases.
Promotional tools that let shoppers buy a particular product or service at a lower price. Coupons are usually offered as a code or in a specific form and are used at checkout to get a discount. Discounts are a method of directly lowering the price of products for a certain period. These methods give consumers an incentive to buy.
Shipping integration is the direct connection of an e-commerce site or management panel to a carrier's system. Thanks to the integration, the shipment record is created from the panel, the shipping label and tracking number are obtained automatically, the shipment status is written to the order, and the customer is informed at every stage. There is no need to enter orders into the carrier's system one by one by hand, which shortens preparation time and reduces address errors.
A campaign is a discount, opportunity or special offer effort presented for a certain period or under certain conditions to increase the sales of a product or service. In e-commerce, a campaign can take forms such as a percentage or amount discount, a coupon code, free shipping, buy X pay for Y, a cart discount and a combo deal. The start and end dates, the target product or customer group and the terms of use are set in advance. A well-planned campaign increases traffic and conversion; however, if the profit margin is not taken into account, profit may fall even if sales rise. That is why net profit should be calculated before a campaign, together with commission, shipping and costs.
A landing page is a specially designed web page to which visitors are usually directed through advertising campaigns, email marketing or social media. These pages are created to encourage visitors to take a specific action (for example, buying a product or filling out a form). An effective landing page should be free of distractions and focused on getting the visitor to take the intended action.
On web pages, content is loaded only when it is in the user's viewport. This technique makes the page load faster, because not all of the content is loaded at once when the user visits the page. It is used especially for images and videos, so the page responds faster and the user experience improves.
Liquidity is the ability to convert an asset or investment into cash quickly and easily. High liquidity means financial stability and low risk.
The broadcasting of video or audio content over the internet in real time. This method can be used for events, seminars, training or entertainment content. Live broadcasts offer an interactive experience by allowing viewers to comment or ask questions during the stream.
A symbol, usually with a unique design, that graphically represents the identity of an institution, brand or organization. A logo plays an important role in promoting and marketing a company or product, because it creates a certain impression on the target audience and helps the brand be recognized.
Reward programs that offer customers incentives to keep shopping with a particular brand or store. These programs give customers points, discounts or special offers based on the amount or frequency of their purchases. Their purpose is to increase customer loyalty and encourage repeat purchases.
A sales method in which products are presented to consumers through catalogs, magazines or other printed materials, and consumers can order these products by mail, phone or internet. The ordered products are sent to the customer by post or a shipping service.
Cost accounting is a branch of accounting that aims to measure and analyze the total cost of a company's products or services. It helps companies make strategic decisions such as pricing, budgeting and performance evaluation.
Refers to contracts between a buyer and a seller for the sale of goods or services to consumers, made in an environment where the parties are not physically present in the same place at the same time and concluded through any means of communication, including the contract itself. Such contracts are used frequently, especially in online shopping, and contain certain disclosures and terms to protect consumer rights. Please Click to view an example.
A meta description is a short description that summarizes the content of a web page and is shown on search engine results pages. An effective meta description can increase users' click-through rate (CTR) and contribute to the page's SEO performance.
The result or action set to measure the success of a Meta ad campaign.
The processes of monitoring and analyzing how an ad affects customer behavior in Meta (Facebook and Instagram) ads.
A metric showing how often an ad is shown to a particular audience.
A metric showing how many times a Meta ad was displayed.
A Meta ads feature used to reach new audiences with characteristics similar to the existing target audience.
A metric showing the level of engagement of a Meta ad
A feature for creating new target audiences with characteristics similar to existing customer data.
The analysis of the process customers go through, from interacting with an ad to making a purchase.
A Meta tool used to track user behavior on websites and measure ad performance.
An electronic payment made through smartphones and other mobile devices. This payment method can be used for physical or online purchases through various technologies such as QR code scanning, SMS, mobile apps or specially designed mobile wallet systems. Mobile payment has become popular because it allows quick and easy transactions, especially in physical stores.
Mobile optimization means designing and configuring a website to offer the best user experience on mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, etc.). It includes factors such as page load speed, touchscreen compatibility and adaptive design. A mobile-optimized site offers users easier navigation and interaction than the desktop version. This is critically important for websites because of the growing use of mobile devices.
A website optimized for mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, etc.). It has a simpler interface suited to touchscreen use than traditional desktop sites. Mobile sites are displayed automatically when accessed from the user's mobile device browser and offer the user a faster and more effective experience.
The ability of a website, application or other digital content to work smoothly and in a user-friendly way on mobile devices, especially smartphones and tablets. Mobile compatibility is very important today because of the growing use of the mobile internet. A mobile-compatible website scales to the device's screen size, loads quickly and has an interface suited to touchscreen use.
A model code is a unique alphanumeric code used by manufacturers to identify a particular version or variant of a product. This code is used to tell apart different versions of products that have similar names. For example, if you want to sell different colors of a shirt on your e-commerce site both as separate products and as color options, the model code of these products must be the same.
M-commerce (mobile commerce) refers to e-commerce transactions made through mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
A technical process that allows an e-commerce platform to automatically exchange information with a company's internal operational systems (usually an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) or accounting software). Thanks to this integration, key business data such as orders, inventory, customer information and financial data is synchronized in real time or at set intervals. It aims to automate business processes, reduce error rates and increase operational efficiency.
The muhtasar beyanname (withholding tax return) is an official document, submitted to the tax office for a given period, that shows the taxes and social security premiums withheld by employers from payments made to their employees.
The process of dividing a customer base into groups according to specific characteristics or behaviors. It allows businesses to offer more tailored marketing strategies and offers to different customer groups. Segmentation can be based on demographic, geographic, behavioral and psychographic characteristics.
Reviews in which customers share their experiences, opinions and feedback about a product or service they have purchased. Customer reviews can build trust among potential buyers and influence purchasing decisions.
An MX (Mail Exchange) record specifies which servers should receive the email traffic of a domain name. These records, which are part of the DNS (Domain Name System), ensure that email service is routed to the right server. For example, when a company provides email service with its own domain name, MX records specify which servers will process those emails.
Customer lifetime value (CLV) is the total revenue or profit a customer is expected to bring over the course of their relationship with a business. It is calculated by taking into account the average order value, purchase frequency and how long the customer keeps buying. In e-commerce, CLV is used to determine how much advertising budget can be spent to acquire a new customer and to measure the impact of loyalty programs.
Micro export is the shipping of products that fall below certain weight and value limits to buyers abroad by cargo or post, generally through e-commerce sites and marketplaces. In Türkiye, these shipments are made with a simpler customs process using the Electronic Commerce Customs Declaration (ETGB) and are recorded as exports. Micro export is the most common way for small and medium-sized businesses to sell abroad without major investment; current limits should be checked in the regulations of the Ministry of Trade.
A form of payment made in cash, a physical currency. The buyer hands the seller tangible, physical money in return for a product or service. In e-commerce, paying the courier in cash at the time of delivery with the "cash on delivery" option is also a form of cash payment.
The cash payment option is a payment method that allows customers to pay for the products or services they buy with physical cash. Especially in online shopping, some e-commerce sites offer customers a cash-on-delivery option, making it possible to pay in cash when the product is delivered.
Net profit is the pure profit left after all expenses, taxes and other costs are subtracted from a company's total revenue for a given period. Net profit is used to measure a company's financial performance and is considered an important indicator for investors.
NFC (Near Field Communication) is a wireless communication technology that allows two devices to transfer data quickly and securely at very short distances (usually within a few centimeters). NFC technology is widely used especially in contactless payment systems (such as paying with smartphones). It is also used in many other areas, such as scanning event tickets, quick data sharing or exchanging information with smart tags.
Omni-Channel e-commerce is an e-commerce model that combines different sales channels and customer touchpoints into a single, unified experience. It offers customers a seamless experience across online, mobile, physical stores and other channels.
A marketing approach that combines different sales channels and customer touchpoints into a single, unified experience. This strategy aims to offer customers a seamless and consistent experience across online, mobile, physical stores and other channels.
Organic traffic is the visitor traffic a website receives from search engines without any payment. Organic traffic is a direct result of SEO efforts and generally has higher conversion rates.
An affiliate program is a marketing strategy in which a company works with external websites or individuals to promote its products or services and encourage sales. Affiliates usually receive a commission or a fixed fee for each successful sale or referral. These programs help companies reach a wide audience, increase brand awareness and boost sales.
The general name for technological systems or tools used to carry out certain tasks or processes automatically, without manual intervention. Automation is used in many industries and business processes to increase efficiency, reduce costs and minimize errors.
A technology system that ensures payment transactions between seller and buyer are carried out securely in online transactions. A payment gateway lets users pay by credit card or other payment methods and performs all the steps needed to process these payments securely. Payment details are encrypted and sent to the relevant bank or payment service provider, and the transaction is completed once approval is received.
A tool used on e-commerce sites to carry out online payment transactions. The payment gateway receives the customer's credit card details and passes them to the payment service provider (a bank or payment institution). After verifying this information, the payment service provider processes the payment and sends the result of the transaction back to the e-commerce site. Throughout this process, the payment gateway ensures that customer information is transmitted securely.
A payment record is a financial document containing the details of the payments made by a business or an individual. This record usually includes information such as the amount paid, the payment date, the recipient and the payment method.
A document prepared in distance sales contracts to give the consumer detailed information about the product or service to be purchased. This form ensures that the consumer has full and accurate information about the product or service. In Türkiye, in distance sales, sellers are legally required to present this form to consumers and obtain their approval. The form contains information on matters such as the subject of the sale, the total amount, and payment and delivery details.
Algorithm-based systems that make individual recommendations based on a user's past behavior, shopping history and other interactions. They are used especially on e-commerce sites to recommend relevant products or content to users. These systems increase customer satisfaction and encourage sales.
Equity is the net value left after all debts are subtracted from the total value of a company's assets. Equity represents the share of the company's owners or shareholders and is an important indicator of financial stability.
A virtual points system given to customers for their purchases and for activities such as writing reviews, signing up or recommending the store. Once certain amounts are accumulated, these points can be redeemed as a discount, a gift or as money to use on the next purchase. E-commerce sites use this method to increase customer loyalty and encourage repeat sales.
The integration of e-commerce platforms with various online marketplaces such as Amazon and eBay, and the management of this process.
A process that lets e-commerce sites connect directly with popular online marketplaces (e.g. Amazon, eBay, Trendyol). This integration allows sellers to automatically synchronize product listings, price updates, inventory information and orders. It helps sellers manage their products more easily and effectively across different platforms.
Marketplace e-commerce refers to an online platform where multiple sellers offer their products or services in one place. In this model, the platform owner usually takes a commission from each sale.
A model code is a unique alphanumeric code used by manufacturers to identify a specific version or variant of a product. It is used to tell apart different versions of products with similar names. For example, if you want to sell different colors of a shirt on your e-commerce site both as separate products and as color options, the Model Code of these products must be the same.
An online shopping environment in which different sellers can offer their products or services through a single platform. Marketplaces allow sellers to reach a wide customer base without setting up their own e-commerce sites. On the other hand, they give consumers the chance to choose among many sellers and products. Platforms such as Trendyol, Amazon and Hepsiburada are popular examples of marketplaces.
A marketplace platform is an online shopping model that allows multiple sellers to offer their products and services through a single website. On these platforms, customers can compare and buy the products offered by different sellers. Large e-commerce sites such as Amazon, eBay and AliExpress are examples of marketplace platforms.
Pinterest, a social media platform, lets users collect visual content they are interested in on digital boards using what are called "pins". Users can organize these pins on their own boards, follow other people's boards and get inspired. Pinterest is especially popular for topics such as DIY projects, recipes, fashion ideas and decoration.
A small window that opens automatically on a website to attract the user's attention. It is generally used for ads, announcements, subscription forms or special offers. However, overuse can negatively affect the user's experience of the site and can be perceived as intrusive.
POS, short for "Point of Sale", is the name given to the electronic devices used for credit card and debit card payments in physical stores. These devices read the card's magnetic stripe or chip to capture payment details and contact the bank for the payment to go through. They are widely used in stores, restaurants and other retail points of sale.
A protocol is the set of rules and guidelines that govern communication between computers, mobile devices and other network devices. Protocols specify how data is packaged, sent and received, how errors are detected and corrected, and similar operations. For example, HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), used to communicate with websites on the internet, is a protocol.
Authorization (provizyon): Provizyon means the approval of a credit card transaction. When a sale is made, the seller applies to the bank to collect a certain amount from the credit card. The bank checks whether the card is valid and has sufficient limit, and if it approves the transaction, the authorization has been obtained. This means the seller can complete the transaction and the payment will go through.
Many retail and e-commerce businesses use points systems to encourage loyalty and repeat purchases among their customers. Customers earn points by shopping, writing product reviews or taking part in certain promotional activities. These points can be used as a discount on later purchases or to buy certain products. Points systems are considered an effective tool for increasing customer loyalty and encouraging long-term customer relationships.
Marketplace commission is the share that a seller on a marketplace pays to the marketplace on every sale. The rate usually varies by product category and is calculated on the sale amount; service fees, shipping and payment deductions may also apply. When pricing, a seller needs to factor in the commission and other deductions in order to see accurately how much profit is actually left from each order.
A QR code is a two-dimensional barcode whose name is the abbreviation of "Quick Response". This square code allows information to be accessed by scanning it quickly. It is generally scanned with mobile phones and used to quickly reach the websites, information or special content hidden behind it.
Remarketing is the practice of showing ads, on other platforms or on the same platform, to users who visited a website but did not complete a conversion action (purchase, membership, etc.). It is used to win back the user's interest and encourage them to complete the conversion action.
It is the approach of showing ads again, across different platforms and websites, to users who previously visited a website or showed interest in a specific product. By re-targeting the visitor and presenting personalized ad content, this technique aims to increase the likelihood that the user will buy the product or complete a specific action.
Reverse DNS (rDNS) refers to querying the domain name associated with an IP address. In a normal DNS lookup, a domain name is given and its IP address is requested. In reverse DNS, an IP address is given and the query asks which domain name that IP address is associated with. It is used in network security and identification processes, just as it is used by email servers for spam checks.
Rich Media Ads are ad formats enriched with video, audio or other graphic elements that the user can interact with. They are more engaging and attention-grabbing than traditional text-based or static image ads. They can have interactive features such as user actions on the ad (for example, playing or expanding a video). Such ads are frequently used to capture the user's attention and increase brand recall.
RSS is a web feed standard that allows the content on websites to be delivered in a regularly updated format. This way, users can learn about new content added to a particular website without visiting it. RSS feeds can include items such as news headlines, blog posts or multimedia. Users can follow updates by subscribing to these feeds through an RSS reader.
It is a technological application that shows users how a physical product will look in a virtual environment before they actually try it. It is especially popular in the clothing, accessories and cosmetics sectors. Thanks to augmented reality (AR) technology, users can virtually try a product on themselves or in a given space. This improves the online shopping experience and makes the user's purchase decision easier.
A virtual store is an e-commerce platform that sells products or services over the internet without a physical store. Users can visit these stores to browse products, make their selections and complete their purchases with online payment methods. Virtual stores have advantages such as reaching a wide customer base, low operating costs and 24/7 accessibility.
Virtual POS: an electronic payment system that makes it possible to pay by credit card or debit card on e-commerce sites. It allows customers to enter their card details securely and the payment to be completed.
A virtual POS is a payment system that enables payments made by credit card or debit card in online stores to be carried out securely. Once the purchase is completed, the virtual POS receives the customer's card details, forwards them to the bank and checks whether the payment has been approved. If the payment is approved, the transaction is completed. This system enables e-commerce sites to accept online payments.
A virtual POS is an electronic payment system that enables payments to be made by credit card over the internet. Through this system, e-commerce sites let their customers pay by credit card or debit card when shopping online. A virtual POS works without the need for a physical POS device, integrated with the payment infrastructure provided by banks or payment institutions.
A virtual cart is the name given to the section of online shopping sites where users temporarily add the products they want to buy. While browsing shopping sites, users add the products they like to the virtual cart, and when they want to complete their purchase, they view this cart and make the payment. The virtual cart brings the experience of using a shopping cart in a physical store to the online environment.
A sales document is a document that confirms that a sale has taken place and records the agreement between the parties in writing. This document contains the details of the product or service sold, its price, the date, and the seller's and buyer's information. A sales document is issued to protect the rights of both the seller and the buyer and can be used as a reference in the event of a dispute. In e-commerce, the sales document can usually take the form of an invoice or an e-Invoice.
It is a marketing model that represents the stages a customer goes through until purchasing a product or service. A sales funnel generally consists of four stages: awareness, interest, decision and action. These stages of the customer journey describe the process from a potential customer's first encounter with a brand to the completion of the purchase.
After-sales support is the service and support offered to customers after a product or service has been purchased. This support can cover areas such as product installation, use, maintenance, repair, or guidance on potential problems. After-sales support helps increase customer satisfaction and encourages customer loyalty.
Off-page SEO refers to the activities that take place outside your website and affect its search engine ranking. This can include methods such as acquiring backlinks, social media engagement and influencer marketing.
On-page SEO is the process of making the content and HTML source of a web page easier for search engines to understand and index. It includes keyword optimization, title tags, meta descriptions and content quality.
SCM is also known as supply chain management. It is the practice of managing and optimizing all the processes a product goes through, from the raw material stage until it reaches the customer, and the relationships between these processes. This includes all processes from product design to procurement, production, distribution and, finally, delivery to the customer. The aim of SCM is to minimize costs in the supply chain while ensuring that products reach the customer quickly and effectively.
It covers marketing activities carried out to increase visibility in search engines. It is usually conducted through paid advertising (PPC - Pay Per Click). For example, ad campaigns run on platforms such as Google AdWords or Bing Ads fall under SEM. SEM makes your ad appear at the top of the search results for specific keywords.
SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is the set of technical, content and external link optimizations carried out to help a website rank better in search engines. The aim of SEO is to attract more visitors by reaching higher positions in organic search for specific keywords. It is achieved through a series of optimization tasks carried out both within and outside the website.
An SEO-friendly URL is a web page address with a structure that is easy for both search engines and users to understand and remember. It generally contains keywords and is free of unnecessary characters. This reflects the content of the page better and improves SEO performance.
An SEO tag is a short piece of text that tells search engines about the content of a web page. The most commonly used SEO tags are the "title" and "meta description" tags. These tags are displayed on a search engine results page (SERP) and give users a quick summary of the page's content. Correctly and effectively optimized SEO tags can positively affect a website's search engine ranking and click-through rate (CTR).
Average order value is a measure of how much a customer spends in a single purchase on e-commerce sites. It is generally obtained by dividing total sales by the total number of orders in a given period. Increasing average order value is an important revenue optimization strategy for e-commerce sites.
On e-commerce sites, this is the situation in which users add products to their shopping carts but leave the site without completing the purchase. This rate shows what share of site visitors did not complete their purchase and is important for e-commerce businesses in optimizing conversion rates. Cart abandonment rate generally arises from causes such as problems in site design, complexity in the checkout process or unexpected additional costs.
Cart total refers to the total cost of the products in a user's shopping cart on an e-commerce platform. This amount is obtained by adding up the prices of the selected products and generally represents the subtotal before shipping fees, taxes and other additional costs are added.
A self-employment receipt is a type of invoice that self-employed professionals (lawyers, doctors, engineers, etc.) use to document the fee they receive in return for the service they have provided.
Capital refers to the financial resources a business needs in order to continue and expand its operations. Capital can be obtained as equity or debt and is generally invested in resources such as assets, equipment or labor.
A SERP is the page that contains the results of a query made in a search engine. This page can include organic search results, paid ads and other special search engine features (maps, reviews, etc.). The SERP is important for evaluating the success of SEO strategies.
It refers to special prices, discounts or promotions that are valid for a certain period of time. Such offers are generally created to encourage customers to act quickly, because once the offer expires, normal prices apply again.
A sitemap is a file that contains a structured list of all the pages on a website and the relationships between them. It tells search engines where the pages on the website are and when they were last updated. This helps search engines crawl the site's content more effectively. Sitemaps are generally created in XML format.
A slider is a section on a website's home page or other inner pages, usually made up of images, with horizontal or vertical transitions that can move automatically or by user interaction. Sliders are frequently used to highlight content, campaigns or products that you want to feature.
SMTP is a protocol used for email transmission. It organizes and manages the sending of email over the internet. It contains the standard rules that determine how email is sent and received between email service providers and servers. In email applications, SMTP is generally used for outgoing email, while the IMAP or POP3 protocols are used for incoming email.
It is the tendency of individuals to be influenced by the behavior of others when taking an action. Especially at the decision-making stage, people generally act by looking at what others think or how they behave. On e-commerce sites, customer reviews, like counts or statements such as "This many people bought this product" are used as social proof and inform potential customers about the popularity of the product or service.
Social media is the general name for online platforms where users create and share content and interact with other users around that content. Platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn and Pinterest are among the best-known examples. Social media platforms let users share, comment on and like photos, videos, text and other types of content.
A strategy in which brands or businesses reach their target audience by promoting their products, services or content on social media platforms. This type of marketing, carried out on platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn and Pinterest, is used to increase brand awareness, drive website traffic and engage with the target audience.
The process of determining which groups of users your ads will be shown to when advertising on social media platforms.
Social commerce refers to shopping done through social media platforms. Users can discover and browse products through their social media accounts and buy them directly. Social commerce allows brands and sellers to reach consumers directly.
The name given to unwanted bulk email messages, usually advertising. Spam consists of emails sent without the recipient's permission, usually by a sender the recipient does not know. It also appears as disturbing or irrelevant content in forums, blog comments and other online platforms. Sending spam is legally restricted in many countries and is considered unethical behavior.
A security protocol that provides a secure connection by encrypting data transfer between websites and users. SSL prevents information that users send to a website (for example credit card numbers and passwords) from being intercepted by third parties. When you visit a website with an SSL certificate, you can see a padlock icon in your browser's address bar, and the website's address starts with "https://".
A type of IP in which the internet protocol (IP) address always stays the same and is not changed automatically. It is generally used for servers, websites or certain services such as a VPN for remote access. A static IP gives a service or device a constant, unchanging address, which means a more stable internet connection and service delivery.
Style sheets, also commonly called CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), are code that defines the design and visual properties of a web page. With this code, the font, colors, background, borders, margins and other visual properties of the page are defined. Style sheets are used to give all pages of a website a consistent and uniform appearance.
Inventory valuation is a process for determining the cost or market value of the products in a company's inventory. It is important for accurate financial reporting and for fulfilling tax obligations correctly.
A unique alphanumeric code assigned to a product or service. A stock code helps with tracking, classifying and managing the inventory of products and services. It is used especially in e-commerce and retail to differentiate multiple products with similar or identical names.
The process of controlling and optimizing the quantity, location and timing of the products or materials a business holds. Effective inventory management ensures that products are available when needed while helping minimize unnecessary stock costs. This process includes elements such as demand forecasting, inventory control and order management. Proper inventory management helps lower costs and also has a positive effect on sales by increasing customer satisfaction.
In computer networks, a computer or software that provides services to other computers, stores and processes data, and enables access to that data. E-commerce sites are hosted on a specific server on the internet, and users access the site by connecting to this server. Servers are generally high-performance devices that run continuously and have redundant systems.
Order management is the planning, tracking and execution of all the steps from the moment an e-commerce order is created until it is delivered to the customer and closed. Receiving the order, payment and stock checks, picking and verifying products, invoicing, shipping, customer notifications, and returns and exchanges are all part of this process. For businesses that sell across multiple channels such as a website, marketplaces and a physical store, collecting orders in a single panel keeps stock up to date across all channels.
Encryption is a method used to make data unreadable. This process relies on special algorithms that can be reversed only with the right key. Encryption plays a critical role in protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access and keeping that information secure.
A password is a secret string of characters used to restrict or protect access to specific information. Passwords are generally used to verify a user's identity and to restrict access to private information or systems. A strong password should contain a combination of letters, numbers and special characters, which makes it harder to guess or crack.
The software tool used to view websites on the internet. Browsers let users visit websites, view visual and text content, fill in forms and perform various other functions. Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari and Microsoft Edge are examples of popular browsers.
A system that offers personalized product or service suggestions, especially on online platforms, based on users' interests, past purchases or the preferences of similar users. Recommendation systems provide a personalized experience by highlighting content that may interest users. They are used in many areas, from e-commerce sites to music and video streaming services, and can make the user's decision process easier while also increasing sales.
The abbreviation of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. This protocol is a standard communication protocol that allows computers on the internet to communicate with each other. TCP/IP ensures that data packets are sent and received correctly and in order.
A company or person that does not offer products or services directly to the end user but sells them to retailers or other businesses. Suppliers play an important role in the production of goods and services and are generally located at the upper stages of the production chain.
Supply chain management is the practice of planning, managing and optimizing all the processes involved in getting products and services to consumers. It covers every step from raw materials to production, distribution and delivery to end consumers. The goal of supply chain management is to increase operational efficiency and reduce costs.
One-click purchase is a feature on online shopping sites designed to let users buy a product or service quickly and easily. This feature lets users complete a purchase with a single click, using previously saved payment and delivery information. By making the shopping process simple and fast, this method improves the user experience.
A feature on e-commerce sites that lets users complete a purchase with a single click, using the payment and delivery information they saved earlier. This method speeds up the shopping process and improves the user experience. For repeat shoppers in particular, this feature makes purchases easier and increases customer satisfaction.
Pre-designed templates that determine the visual design and user experience of an e-commerce site, website or mobile app. Themes present the content users see in an aesthetic and functional way through colors, fonts, layouts and other design elements. In content management systems in particular, a variety of themes may be available to offer users different design options.
A refund process that occurs when a credit card holder disputes a transaction made on their card and cancels it. A chargeback is usually requested for transactions made without the cardholder's permission, or when the purchased product or service is not delivered as promised. In the chargeback process, the payment is reversed and returned to the cardholder, and the amount is taken back from the seller.
Organizations that provide infrastructure, software, services or platforms so that individuals or businesses can carry out their commercial transactions online. These providers offer businesses and individuals the tools and services they need to continue their commercial activities over the internet, through services such as e-commerce sites, payment services and inventory management.
The event of clicking an ad or link and being directed to the target page. The click-through rate (CTR) is a metric that shows how many times an ad or link was clicked compared with how many times it was viewed. This rate is often used to measure the effectiveness of an ad or link.
Emails sent to many recipients at the same time as part of email marketing activities. They are generally used for purposes such as promotions, newsletters and announcements. The most important point to watch in bulk email sending is not to send email without the recipients' permission; otherwise, such emails may be treated as spam.
Wholesale e-commerce is an e-commerce model in which products are generally sold in large quantities between businesses (B2B). This model is generally aimed at retailers or other businesses.
An out-of-stock notification is a feature that tells customers when a product that is not in stock will be available again. On some e-commerce platforms, an automatic email notification can also be sent to customers when the product is back in stock.
An official body that consumers can apply to when they have problems with goods or services they purchased from a seller or provider, offering a fast and cost-free way to resolve disputes between consumers and sellers or providers. Consumer Arbitration Committees have the authority to decide disputes up to a certain monetary limit, and their decisions are binding.
Installment sales is a sales method that allows the customer to pay the product price not in one go but in a certain number of monthly installments by credit card. On e-commerce sites, installment options are offered through a virtual POS or a payment institution; the number of installments and the interest difference may vary by bank, card type and product category. For high-value products, the option of paying in installments can make the purchase decision easier and increase the conversion rate.
The process of sending data from a computer to the internet or to another device. It generally means uploading a file, document or media content to a web server, a cloud storage service or another platform. Upload is the opposite of download. Downloading means receiving data from the internet onto a computer or device, whereas uploading means sending data.
A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the full and unique address of a web page or file on the internet. When entered into a web browser, it lets the user reach the specified web resource. For example, "https://www.faprika.com" is a URL.
"User" is a word of English origin that is translated into Turkish as "kullanıcı". It refers to a person who uses a system, network, service, application or website. It appears frequently in computer and internet terminology. The term "user" can be used to refer to a website visitor, an active user of a program or a player of a game.
Long-tail keywords are longer, customized keywords that are usually more specific and face less competition. These keywords are effective at reaching niche target audiences, which usually have higher conversion rates.
The process of photographing products in a professional and attractive way for e-commerce sites or catalogs. High-quality product photos help customers evaluate products better online and can positively influence the purchase decision.
A product catalog is a listing of all the products sold on an e-commerce site, including detailed information, images, prices and other related data. It lets customers browse and compare products easily. Catalogs are usually organized by product category or brand, helping users quickly find what they are looking for.
A product recommendation engine is an automated system used on e-commerce sites that suggests the most suitable products to visitors based on their past shopping behavior, clicks, searches and other interactions. Using artificial intelligence and machine learning, these engines dynamically identify and recommend products likely to interest the user. The goal is to increase both sales and customer satisfaction.
Written or visual statements that let customers give feedback about products they have purchased or experienced. Product reviews give other potential buyers important information about a product's quality, functionality and overall satisfaction. Good reviews can positively influence a product's sales, while negative reviews can deter purchase decisions.
A term used especially in banking and finance. It refers to businesses that accept credit cards and report the sales made with those cards to banks. Merchants make a special agreement with banks, which allows them to offer customers the option of paying by credit card. These businesses receive the amount of card sales directly from the bank in return for a certain commission.
Guest checkout is a feature of online shopping sites that lets users buy directly without creating an account or logging in. This method allows users to complete the shopping process faster and more easily. However, users who choose guest checkout generally cannot benefit from membership advantages, such as tracking their orders or easily reordering later.
A term used to describe different versions or types of a product, model or item. In e-commerce sites in particular, the concept of a "variant" is used for versions of the same product with different attributes such as color, size or capacity. For example, the different color and size options of a T-shirt are called the variants of that T-shirt.
Refers to the range of options in which a product can come with different attributes, colors, sizes or other variables. In e-commerce sites in particular, it is used for different color, size or model options of the same product. This way, customers can choose the variation they want from a single product page.
A server that acts as an intermediary for clients accessing a network service or resource. Stepping in before users connect to the servers they want to reach directly, this server receives user requests, evaluates them and, when necessary, forwards them to the target server. Proxy servers have many uses, including security, performance improvements and providing anonymity.
A tax certificate is an official document that provides information about the tax payments and other tax obligations of a company or an individual. It is usually renewed annually and is commonly requested in a company's commercial activities.
Viral marketing is a marketing strategy that helps content reach a wide audience quickly. This strategy encourages people to naturally share a message, product or service on their own social networks. Viral marketing campaigns usually attract attention with original, entertaining or informative content and spread rapidly through social media platforms, e-mail or other digital channels.
The page on e-commerce sites where products are highlighted and presented to visitors. As with the windows of physical stores, the storefront in e-commerce is the area that visitors see first and where the products that attract the most interest are displayed.
A VPN, also known as a Virtual Private Network, creates a private network that enables secure data transfer over the internet. It is generally used by corporate companies so that employees can connect securely to the company network through remote access. Individual users can also use VPN services to bypass geographic restrictions, access the internet anonymously and improve data security.
A watermark is a mark, usually transparent, added over digital or printed images to indicate that the image is original and belongs to a specific person or organization. It is generally used to prevent copyright infringement, protect the originality of the image or indicate ownership rights. A watermark is usually placed in the center or a corner of the image, and removing it is generally difficult.
Web hosting is a service in which the files, databases and e-mails of websites are stored, accessed and made available over the internet. Web hosting providers rent server space with a certain capacity to customers, which makes websites accessible to all internet users around the world.
A file format used by Microsoft Excel. This format is used to organize and analyze data, such as tables, charts, mathematical functions and formulas. It is a tool preferred in many areas of business, from financial reporting to data analysis. Files in the XLS format are generally used by Excel 2003 and earlier versions, while the XLSX format is used for newer versions.
An XML feed is a data stream in which data is organized in XML (Extensible Markup Language) format and that usually contains product information, news headlines or other regularly updated information. It is used to exchange data between websites, applications and other platforms. E-commerce sites in particular can use XML feeds to send product information to various marketplaces or comparison sites.
Describes access by authorized institutions or persons to information and data under certain conditions. Such access is generally needed for reasons of security, criminal investigation or legal requirements. Lawful access aims to strike a balance between individual privacy rights and the state's security and judicial needs. Legal procedures and authorization documents are generally required to determine whether the access is lawful.
Horizontal e-commerce is an e-commerce model in which products and services from different sectors or categories are sold together.
A set of instructions created so that computers, smartphones and other digital devices can perform specific functions. Software tells the hardware what to do. For example, a text editor needs specific software instructions to save, edit and display the text a user types. Software can be divided into various categories, such as operating systems, application programs and databases.
Heavy traffic occurs when a website or application receives a large number of user visits within a short period of time. This can be caused by a special promotion, an advertising campaign or viral content. If the infrastructure is not prepared for such a heavy flow of visitors, heavy traffic can overload the servers and cause the site to slow down or crash completely.
Visitor analytics is a set of tools and techniques used to track and analyze the activities, behavior and other relevant metrics of users who visit a website. It helps site owners understand how users interact with the site, which pages are visited the most, where visitors come from and much more. Tools such as Google Analytics give website owners in-depth insight into visitor analytics.
A 301 redirect is an HTTP status code indicating that a web page has been permanently moved to a new address. This redirect signals that the old URL is no longer used and that users or search engines should be directed to the new address. It also helps transfer the old page's search engine ranking to the new page.
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The world of e-commerce is a field with constantly evolving and changing dynamics. At Faprika, we created an e-commerce glossary to guide you in this changing world and to help you increase your success in e-commerce.
In this glossary, you can find explanations of a wide range of terms and concepts, from e-commerce to digital marketing, from SEO to social media strategies. The first step to success in e-commerce is to correctly understand the terms and concepts used in the industry. Having the right information helps you make more informed decisions. That is why we aimed to present the explanations of the terms and concepts in the Faprika E-Commerce Glossary in detailed and understandable language. You can think of this glossary both as a starting guide for those new to e-commerce and as a reference for those with more experience in the industry.
This glossary, which appeals to users of every level, aims to become a resource where you can find the answer to every kind of question you may encounter in e-commerce. The secret of success in e-commerce lies in continuous learning. At Faprika, we aim to stand by you by providing the most accurate information in this field. With our e-commerce glossary, you can access the most up-to-date information in the industry and take your success in e-commerce one step further.
Your feedback is very valuable to us in enriching our glossary and reaching more people. If there are terms or topics you would like to see in our glossary, do not hesitate to contact us. At Faprika, we are here to inform you in the best possible way in the world of e-commerce.